Wing collar drill



July 4, 1961 c. w. KANDLE WING COLLAR DRILL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 13, 1957 July 4, 1961 c. w. KANDLE WING COLLAR DRILL 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 13, 1957 INVENTOR. CHARLES I/l/IIQNDLE BY JM ,g JQQ United States y Patent "lee 2,990,896 l WING COLLAR DRILL Clirles.W.^Kndl, 1420 Robinhood.1ane, La1 Grange Park, l1l`. Filed June 13, 1957,` Ser. No.665,522= 3J'Clain1s.' (CI. 1751-171) This invention. .relatestoia wing collarr drill-for useiniearth': drilling wherein arcasing is employed 'following' the 1 drill.

the.-casi.ng:and being expandable .to Va diameter for; cutting ilrexcess of* the. diameter.' ofY the. casing.A

The construction: of-J `the .wing-:collarnin l'cutting Athe outer walls. ofi the. holebeing drilled. provides for the inward deliveryfof the spoil `tto thef-ight forfraisingY the spoil-y withinr. the; casing 1 along lwithvth'eA spoil from the drilbhead2.'

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying draw-"- ings whichshow thefybest mode presently-contemplated for carryingoutsthe inventions..

Inrthe drawings;

FIGURE; 1 is ,aiverticalraxiaL sectioniof 3 a1 holeabeing drilled-- showingLther,operationv-.ofrrthe; wing.A collar drill.

inwearth boring with'.;a:. casing;;;

FIG; l2\.is .anenlargedgperspective :.view offthezdrill; withf;L thecasing broken, awayfandrsectioned and withftheswing;

collan i eX-panded :at .thee end 1ofuthe casing;

FIG. 3 is a horizontal transverse section takenijustiJ above the Wing collar and through the casing, Ilooking downward'ftohsliow 1the= cutting 'position'eforrthe wing collar, as whenrrotating ineaY cutting ydirection;

FIG.4 is a..view similar to FIG.,3..in.which.,thefdrill is,reversedinrotatin and shwingtli'e. wing collar'` co1- lapsed `for removalupwardly through'tbecasing;y

FIG. 5 lis an enlarged MdetaiYeXplt'jdedN/iew showingrthe disassembly of:.the drill' FIG.-6"is an assembly perspectiveoftle-.drill headand flight withoutpthe wing colla'r, asjffordrilling withoua casing; and" FIG.-7 isa viewsimilar to FIG'6ishowing the assembly oftthe drill'1h,ad,'wing collar andjtheight, the -wing collar beingecollapsed."

The drill, as shown in the drawings, comprises a drill head 1, a wing collar 2 disposed immediately above the drill head, a spiral flight 3 extending upwardly from the wing collar and having a central axial drive shaft 4 secured to the drill head for driving the same, and a drive motor 5 carried at the upper end of the drive shaft.

As shown in FIGURE l, when the drill is in operation the drill head 1 is in the bottom of the hole 6 being drilled in the earth 7 and the motor 5 is above the ground. A casing 8 is disposed in the hole 6 and is moved downwardly with the drill as the latter cuts, so that the lower end of the casing is maintained close to the wing collar 2. Reference is made to United States Patent No. 1,726,438 for a showing of a means for advancing casing 8 with the drill head 1 in service.

The drill head 1 may have any suitable construction, and preferably comprises a transverse circular plate 9 having a central axial upstanding stub shaft 10 for coupling the same to the lower end of drive shaft 4, as by sleeve 11 and pins 12.

The plate 9 carries a plurality of removable cutting teeth 13 beneath the same and facing downwardly for drilling action. The forward sides of the cutting teeth 13, in the direction of rotation when drilling, are inclined upwardly to lift the spoil upwardly through segmental openings 14 in plate 9 in front of the corresponding teeth.

`2f The# rear side of yeachfopenirig 14 lis-"inclined to'lliftfthe spoil "through the plate v9where it is-'picked up by the..v rotating spiral flight 3.;

The number and distributionofteeth 13 beneath.` plate 9provides for acontinuousicutting action on'thelbottom off'h'ole 6to a diametercorrespondingto'the diameter. of'.V plate 9. The plate 9 has a substantial `thicknessat its; outer edge to serve. as ar centering lcontrol forA drilling alignment should the `end of `casing l8 become substantially spaced `above they drill: for'. any'freason."

Thefstubshaft' 10 is; non-circular, preferably squaref'or. hexagonal, and wing collar 2 has 'azcentralholeither through? complemental to ,ther..shaft; so that `when the. wing collar is assembledfonthefshaft and above the plate.; 9"`,=the winglcollar'hasfto rotate withthe drill head I1`.

TheWingcollar.12comprises.azcircular plate 15 corresponding generally: inf diameter'to that of plate9and; having segmental openings. 16 registering: withV the corresponding openings'14?oftplate 9-to` provide means forf thefpassage ofaspoil throughfthe-Wing collarto Hight 3.

A': pluralityofrwing.; cutters. 17 are pivotallyf carried byfplate latfthev outer circumference thereof, there being :.onezzwing cutter 17 foreach opening 16 fand; disposed;- just behind the corresponding opening. Each cutteru17 hasfarshank '.18 extendingina recess 19in the outer :edge ofv plate 15 and; a .-pinx20f'extends :vertically downwardlyV through :the-.platen 15 andi shank; 18v to lpivotally secure the cutter 17 to plate 15.

Thefcutters 17fface forwardly off` the direction ofrotation-.for drillingV and cuttintozthefwall ofthehole above" p late '9; wherebyfv the,- holefis.L enlarged to a f diameter to accommodate-the-casingi The yspoil fromcutters-v17 isr'directed inwardly bycutters 17'to rise ywith the -spoil being, lifted-r through."v segmentalxopenings; 161 from4 drill` head .1.

The body of each cutter 17 provides shoulders 21.above and ,"belowv the l shank 18: and whichl engage the :outer: edge of fp late4 15 to 4provide fa stop determining thevextended cutting `ipositionfor. tthe fcutten Means-y are `provided between"` the plate 1.15. and .plate ..9 for-,maintaining `themin an ,axially spaced relationshipJ so as to prevent any bindingpflhe swingablewing cutters.. This same means also functions, to` insure that the. plate,y 15 'is,. correctly `assembled on the ,drill head so that the. openings 16on plate15.'are directlyab'ove their corresponding openings 14"of"plate 9to receive material "therethrough.

This means takes the form of a pair of circumferentially spaced pins 22 seated in holes 23 of plate 9 and extending upwardly therefrom. Corresponding holes 24 in the bottom side of plate 15 register with and receive these pins 22. As shown best in FIG. l, holes 24 do not extend for their full diameter through plate 15 and the upper ends of pins 22 bottom in the upper ends of these holes. Thus the pins keep plate 15 spaced a distance above plate 9 and prevent improper assembly of plate 15 on the noncircular shaft 10. Furthermore, the pins serve a third function of absorbing some of the torsional thrust imposed by the cutting action of cutters 17.

The openings y16 in plate '15 are of a size to receive the corresponding cutters 17 when the drill is reverse rotated to retract the cutters to a Ifolded non-cutting position. When the cutters .17 are -folded into the corresponding recesses 19 the maximum diameter of the wing collar 2 corresponds generally to the diameter of drill head 1 and both `are smaller than the inside diameter of casing 8, so that they may be removed from the hole without removing the casing from the hole. The cutting edge of each cutter 17, when the latter is folded as described, protrudes from the circumference of wing collar 2 just sufficiently to assure that the cutters` 17 will catch on the wall of the hole and be automatically f 3 expanded to cutting position thereby when the drill is positioned for cutting in the bottom of the hole and is rotated in a forward cutting direction.

The spiral flight 3'is integrally secured to shaft 4 and both are made up in convenient longitudinal sections to be coupled end to end providing for drilling of holes of different depth. The sections of the shaft 4 and flight 3 are coupled together in any suitable manner for providing a drive shaft extending continuously from motor 5to drill head 1.

In general, the initial drill assembly will comprise a length sullicient to accommodate a single joint or length of casing 8. When the drilling operation has progressed to `a point where it is desirable to join the second length of casing end to end with the first, the drill is reversed in rotation to fold the cutters 17 inwardly and then pulled upwardly through the first length of casing. A second length of casing is then joined to -the first and sufficient lengths of shaft 4 and flight 3 are added between motor 5 and drill head 1 to receive the -two casing lengths. The drill is then lowered inside the casing to drilling position and the drilling is resumed by forward rotation of drill head '1 and wing collar 2 by motor 5. As the drilling proceeds, the casing 8 is lowered in the hole with the drill. Any suitable number of casing lengths may be employed in accordance with the depth of hole required.

The drill has been found advantageous for horizontal drilling as under paved streets, and in which the casing generally aids in maintaining the desired direction or guidance of the drill in operation.

Where it is desirable to drill a portion of the-hole without casing, the wing collar 2 may be removed and the head 1 assembled with ight 3 as shown in FIG. 6.

Various modes of carrying out the invention are conshaft carrying a spiral flightfor the removal of spoil in` service, means to rotate the drill shaft and spiral flight selectively in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, a drill head having -a stub shaft adapted for coupling to the drill shaft, a collar having Wing cutters thereon, said collar being adapted for mounting on the st ub shaft of said drill head and together with said head being coupled to said drill shaft, said collar and drill head having registering openings to pass spoil to the spiral flight for removal, said wing cutters being pivotally mounted on said collar on axes disposed rearwardly of the spoil removal openings and parallel to the drill shaft and having an extended position radially beyond the periphery of the drill head, said cutters being adapted to pivot to an extended position upon rotation of the drill shaft in a cutting direction to cut a hole in service to a larger diameter than provided by said drill head and to a retracted position within the spoil removal openings upon rotation of the drill sha-ft in the opposite direction to fold the cutters to la diameter at least as small as the diameter of said drill head, and means disposed between said collar and drill head and engageable therewith to maintain a spaced relationship therebetween and thereby prevent binding of the wing cutters and provide for proper registry of the spoil passing openings.

2. The invention set forth in claim 1 wherein the means disposed between said collar and drill head to maintain a spaced relationship therebetween and provide for proper registry of the spoil passing openings comprises pin means which rotationally lock the collar and drill head together and absorb a portion of the torsional thrust imposed by the cutting action of the wing cutters in service.

3. The invention set forth in claim l wherein the means disposed between said collar and drill head to :maintain a spaced relationship therebetween and provide for proper registry of the spoil passing openings comprises a plurality of removable pin members, said collar and drill head having aligned recesses adapted to receive the pin members to rotationally lock the collar and drill head together and absorb a portion of the torsionaly thrust imposed by the cutting action of the wing cutters in service.

References Cited in the levof this patent UNTED STATES PATENTS 

